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My child is approaching adulthood

Adult systems work differently from children's systems. Families usually start planning years before the change.

Information reviewed: August 28, 2026

Quick answer

Do not wait until your child’s 21st birthday to begin transition planning.

New Jersey’s adult disability system works differently from the children’s system, and several processes can begin earlier.

Around age 14

Families should already be discussing transition planning through the IEP process when applicable.

The conversation should increasingly focus on the student’s future goals and needs after school.

Visit the Vicabell School & IEP section

At age 18

Several important things may change or become relevant:

  • Learn about DDD eligibility
  • Review Medicaid
  • Learn about SSI
  • Discuss decision-making and supported decision-making/guardianship questions when appropriate
  • Continue school transition planning
  • Begin thinking about employment, day supports, transportation and community participation
  • Organize important evaluations and records

Apply for DDD eligibility

New Jersey allows individuals to apply for a DDD eligibility determination beginning at age 18.

Adult DDD services generally begin at age 21, although limited exceptions exist.

Medicaid

Medicaid eligibility is an important part of accessing Medicaid-funded DDD adult services.

DDD currently recommends that families work on Medicaid after the individual turns 18 and at least six months before age 21.

What happens with school?

Eligible students may continue receiving services through the public education system until age 21.

Families considering graduation or leaving school before 21 should discuss the decision carefully with the student’s IEP team and transition coordinator because leaving school can affect which system is responsible for certain supports.

What can DDD help with after 21?

Depending on eligibility, assessed need, Medicaid requirements, program enrollment and the person’s service plan, DDD-funded supports may address areas such as:

  • Support coordination
  • Employment
  • Day and community participation
  • Daily living support
  • Behavioral supports
  • Respite
  • Transportation
  • Assistive technology
  • Other approved home- and community-based services

Not every eligible individual receives every service.

Vicabell provides educational resource information and is not affiliated with the State of New Jersey, PerformCare, or the Children’s System of Care. Program requirements, contact information, and services can change. Always confirm current information with the official agency.